Steam-generator.



N0. 707,93l. Patented Aug. 26, I902.

WILLARD A. KITTS, SR. & WILLARD A.

KITTS, R.

STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application filed Mar. 22, 1902.)

(No Model.)

INVENTOR S a, m a M Jr.

WITNESSES ATTORNE Y5.

MED STATES PATENT Omen \VILLARD A. KITTS, SR, AND WILLARD A. KITTS, JR, OF OSWEGO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO KITTS SEMI-FLASH BOILER COMPANY, OF OSWEGO,

NEW YORK, A CORPORATION.

STEAM-G EN ERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 707,931, dated August 26, 1902.

Application filed March 22, 1902. Serial No. 99,438. (No model.)

1'0 all /1/07 it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLARD A. KITTS, Sin, and WILLARD A. KITTS, J r., of Oswego, in the county of Oswego, in the State of New 5 York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in SIGILm-GQDGI'atOIS Of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

IO Our invention relates to improvements in steam-generators, having more particular reference to that class which is used in connection with automobiles or horseless carriages.

The object of this invention is to so construct and combine the parts of a steam-generator as to produce as much heating-surface as possible and to provide a series of shallow water-containing chambers or tubes, whereby steam may be generated quickly and eco- 2o nomically.

A further object of this invention is to so connect the parts as to permit a free expansion or contraction of any individual part without straining the joints or otherwise af- 2 5 footing the integrity and efficiency of the generator.

A still further object is to inclose the generator in a suitable jacket composed of sections which may be readily removed later- 0 ally from the boiler when desired to gain access to any particular part of the steam-generator.

To this end the invention consists in the combination, construction, and arrangement of the component parts of a steam-generator and its inclosing-jacket, as hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is an end view of our improved generator, the jacket being shown in section and a burner being shown at the base of theboiler. Fig. 2 is a top plan view, partly in section, of the up right water-containing shell and the adjacent ends of the water-tubes connected thereto, portions of the jacket being illustrated at opposite ends of the upright shell, showing particularly the means of securing the jacket-sections. .Fig. 3 is a'side elevation, partly broken away and partly in section, of

the steam-generatorseen in Fig. 1, portions of the water-tubes being removed.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

As seen in the drawings, our invention consists, essentially, of an upright water-containing shell 1, water-tubes 2, projecting from the opposite faces of the shell, an inclosing jacket 3, and a burner 4. The shell 1 preferably consists ofa shallow'substantially rectangular hollow body which is usually formed of a single casting and is provided with a series of substantially parallel upright compartments 5, arranged side by side, one in advance of the other, throughout the entire length of the shell 1, said compartments being separated from each other by suitable transverse partitions 6, which serve as staybolts for tying and stiffening the opposite upright sides of the shell 1. This shell is usually-provided with a series of threaded 7o apertures 7 in its side walls, the apertures on each side being arranged in rows, those of one row being staggered with the next adjacent row in order to economize in space and also to prevent weakening of the shell. we also provide said shell with a series of projections or substantially fiat bosses 8, extending lengthwise from front to rear on the opposite sides of the shell and corresponding to the number of rows of threaded apertures in So each of said side walls, these projections or bosses 8 serving tofurther stiffen the shell where the apertures are formed and form a longer bearing for the tubes which are arranged in said apertures. The compartments 8 5 5 preferably extend from the lower wall 9 to the upper wall 10 of the shell, being separated from each other by the transverse partitions 6, and are usually cylindrical in form for the purpose of additionally strengthening the side Walls of the shell'l, it being understood that the outer surface of said side Walls, provided with apertures 7, are arranged substantially flat with the exception of the projections orv bosses 8. 5

The upper portions of the side walls of the shell 1 are preferably corrugated, the outer surface being substantially concentric with from their inner ends.

the compartments 5. This upper portion of the shell 1 forms the steam dome or chamber of the generator, the water-line being substantially coincident wit-h the uppermost row of apertures 7 in order that the tubes insorted in said apertures may be at all times filled with water. -It is evident, however, that this is not absolutely necessary, as one or more of the upper rows of tubes may be utilized for superheating the steam. These threaded apertures 7 extend entirely through the opposite side wallstof the shell and communicate with the several compartments 5, being so arranged that several apertures of every other row are alined with the several partitions 6. The apertures which are alined with said partitions extend a sufficient distance inwardly to communicate with adjacent compartments in order that'the water in entering either of said apertures which are alined with the partitions may have a free circulation from either of the adjacent compartments through the water-tubes alined with said projections, the inner ends of said apertures also serving to connect the adjacent compartments. These compartments are further connected to each other by suitable openings 11 and 12, the openings 11 serving as water communications from one compartment to the other and the openings 12 serving as steam-passages connecting the upper ends of the several compartments. The apertures 7 are preferably arranged at an angle with their respective side walls, being preferably inclined downwardly and outwardly The tubes 2 are secured at their inner ends within said apertures, being preferably screw-threaded and engagedwith the threads of the apertures and their outer ends inclined downwardly fromthe opposite side walls of the shell and are closed by suitable plugs 13.. It is apparent from the foregoing description that these se'veraltubes 2 being inserted in the staggered apertures 7 are also staggered with each other and inclined outwardly and downwardly from the opposite sidewalls of the shell. Inasmuch as the opposite side walls of the shell are substantially parallel with each other, both vertically and longitudinally, and the several tubes being substantially straight, it is evident that said tubes will be arranged when assembled substantially. parallel with each other, the tubes of one row being di- .rectly above the spaces between the tubes of the next lower row. It is thus evident that the products of combustion passing from the burner 4t upwardly are caused to pass in tortuous paths, thereby coming in contact with all of the tubes from top to bottom and at both sides of theshell 1 before being discharged through the smoke-flue 14 at the upper end of the jacket. It'is further apparent that by securing the tubes at one end and by forming the shell in a substantially integral body the tubes 2 are free to expand independently of each other without in any waystraining their connection to the opposite walls of the shell 1 and that said shell is free to expand without liability of straining any of the joints.

We usually provide the upper walls of each of the compartments with a clean-out plug 10, which are alined with the center of their respective compartments and enable an attendant to readily insert any suitable instrument by removing the plug for the purpose of cleaning out the compartments. We also provide the end walls of the end compartments with lower and upper clean-out plugs 17 and 18, the lower plugs being alined with the water-passages 11 and the upper plugs being alined with the steam-passages 12, so that, if desired, either of the plugs 17 or 18 may be removed and a suitable instrument inserted entirely through the boiler for additionally cleaning the same. It is obvious, however, that either of said plugs 6, 17, or 18 may be substituted by hand-hole plates, if desired.

The jacket 3preferably consists of lower and upper walls 20 21 and side walls 22, the

side walls 22 being usually formed in half-sections, the opposite ends of each section being extended around the opposite ends of the shell 1, and the meeting edges of the opposite ends of each half-section are lapped upon each other and detachably secured together by suitable fastening means, as bolts 23. The lower and upper walls 20 and 21 are secured to the upper and lower ends or edges of the sections 22 bysuitable fastening means, as bolts 25, the upper wall being provided with a smoke-fine ll, which may be either an integral part of the upper wall or formed separately therefrom, as seen in the drawings, and secured to said upper wall by fastening means, as bolts 26. The opposite ends of the shell 1 are provided with cars 27, having apertures which receive the clampingbolts 23 of the sections 22 and serve to unite the generator to the jacket. This shell 1 is provided with a water-inlet and a steam-outlet conduit, which may be connected at any desired point to the interior of the shell; but we preferably remove one of the plugs in the base of one of the end walls of one of the compartments and insert therein a water-inlet conduit 27, and we also preferably remove one of the plugs in the upper end wall of one of the intermediate compartments and insert therein a suitable steam-outlet conduit 28. It is evident, however, that all of the plugs 16 in the upper ends of the several compartments may be removed and these compartments connected to an independent steamdrum without departing from the spirit of our invention.

The operation of this invention will now be readily understood upon reference to the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A steam'generator comprising a watercontaining shell having a series of upright water-containing compartments, and a plurality of tubes projecting laterally and downwardly from opposite faces of the shell and having their inner ends communicating with the com partments and their outer ends closed.

2. A steam-generator comprising a watercontaining shell having inlet and outlet passages and provided with a series of upright transverse partitions dividing the shell into a series of compartments, each partition having a passage connecting adjacent compartments and a series of tubes projecting from the opposite walls of the compartments and communicating therewith, the outer ends of the tubes being closed.

3. A steairrgenerator comprising a watercontaining shell having inlet and outlet passages and provided with a series of upright transverse partitions dividing the shell into a series of compartments, each partition having a passage connecting adjacent compartments and a series of tubes projecting from the opposite walls of the shell and having their inner ends alined with said partitions and communicating with adjacent compartments and their outer ends closed.

4.- A steam-generator comprising a Watercontaining shell having inlet and outlet passages and divided into a series of substantially parallel upright compartments, said shell having restricted passages connecting the compartments and "a plurality of tubes projecting outwardly and downwardly from the opposite side walls of the shell and having their inner ends communicating with the compartments and their outer ends closed.

5. Asteam-generatorcomprising an upright shell of less transverse width than length and provided with a series of upright water-compartments arranged side by side and communicating with each other, one of the end walls of each compartment being provided with an opening and a closure for said opening, and a series of Water-tubes projectinglaterally and downwardly from the opposite side walls of the shell and having their inner ends communicating with the compartments and their outer ends closed.

6. Asteam-generator comprising an upright elongated shell having a series of substantially parallel uprightwater-compartments arranged side by side in the direction of greatest length of the shell, and a series of laterally-projecting water-tubes arranged in staggered relation with each other and having their corresponding ends communicating with the compartments and their outer ends closed.

In witness whereof We have hereunto set our hands this 18th day of March, 1902.

WILLARD A. KITTS, SR. WILLARD A. KITTS, JR. Witnesses:

JOHN S. PARSONS, JOHN GERIMUNE. 

